Comprehensive list of recent and historical El Niño / La Niña impacts.
Read Reports to the Nation on our Changing Planet: El Niño and Climate Prediction (PDF), and find more impacts information in the FAQs on El Niñoand La Niña.
Global Impacts
- Global effects of El Niño La Niña and Resources from the IRI
- Wwind, temperature, and rainfall patterns from the Climate Prediction Center
- Impacts in the Tropical Pacific from the Climate Prediction Center
- Global impacts from climate.gov
- El Niño and Climate Change from the AGU Geophysical Research Letters
- Records broken by the 1997-1998 El Niño from the UC Irvine School of Biological Sciences
- El Niño and La Niña impacts and discussion rom NCEP
- Impacts on Canada: a cartoon from University of British Columbia
- Rural Australia climate/ENSO management from the State of Queensland
- Ecuador County Case Study: How have humans changed their enviroment? from University of Texas
- El Niño / La Niña reports and data from National Centers for Environmental Information
Societal and Economic
- ENSO, climate and society from the IRI
- Improving societal welfare in the context of changing weather and climate from the Climate Science and Applications Program at NCAR/UCAR
- Societal impacts of El Niño and La Niña from the University of Colorado
- Study reveals economic impact of El Niño from University of Cambridge
- Economic consequences of an El Nino from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- The Economic Impact of an El Nino from Space Daily News
- Economic benefits of Improving El Nino forecasting (PDF) from NOAA & the World Summit
Famine and Drought
- ENSO and Forecasting Drought from the National Drought Mitigation Center
- El Nino and Famine from the Famine Early Warning System from US Agency For International Development
- Early Famine Warning System Network from the USGS
- Famine Early Warning and Monitoring Program (EWEM) from US Geological Survey, US Agency For International Development (USAID) and Famine Early Warning Systems (FEWs)
Hurricanes
- Hurricane season outlooks from the Climate Prediction Center
- Monitoring the current Atlantic Hurricane Potential from the Climate Prediction Center
- Monitoring the current Pacific Hurricane Potential from the Climate Prediction Center
- La Niña, El Niño and Atlantic Hurricane damages in the U.S. from the Hurricane Prediction Center
Military
- U.S. Navy significance of El Niño & La Niña from El Niño for the Navy!from the Dept of Oceanography, Naval Postgraduate School
- El Niño – Its Far Reaching Environmental Effects on Army Tactical Decision Aids from the Defense Technical Information Center
Human Health
- El Niño and Human health – article by R.S. Kovats, from the World Health Organization
- Climate Change Impacts & Adapting to Change from the EPA
- Climate Change and Public Health from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Climate Change and Human Health from Johns Hopkins University
- Global Environmental Change and human health from the World Health Organization
- Climate change may threaten health – a media release from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology
- El Nino and Zika virus from WHO
- Dengue Fever Epidemics Linked with El Niño from EOS, 9 October 2015
- El Niño and Hantavirus Disease from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control
- Emerging Health Notification: El Nino and Rift Valley Fever from USDA, DHS, CDC, NASA, NOAA, DFA, DOD/14th Weather Squadron
- New look at 1918/1919 El Niño suggests link to 1918-1919 Flu Pandemic
Marine Life
- Fish distribution from NOAA Fisheries
- Marine mammals in the California Channel Islands from National Marine Mammals Laboratory
El Niño Impacts on the U.S. and North America
- El Niño & La Niña impacts on U.S. temperature and precipitation from the NOAA/NWS
- U.S. Drought Monitor from the National Drought Mitigation Center (NDMC)
- U.S. Impacts from climate.gov
- El Niño effects on North American Climate from FSU/COAPS
- El Niño effects on North America from Dept of Oceanography, US Naval Postgraduate School
- Interactive Climate Analysis and Plotting Web-Tools (including ENSO relationships) from ESRL Physical Sciences Division
U.S. Storm Tracks
- El Niño at Play as Source of More Intense Regional U.S. Wintertime Storms (from NASA)
- Development of Nor’Easters during El Nino Years from the AMS
- El Niño and Spring tornados & hailstones and Prediction of regional tornado outbreaks from climate.gov
U.S. West Coast, Canada, Alaska, Hawaii
- El Niño, La Niña and the Western US, Alaska and Hawaii from the Western Regional Climate Center
- El Niño and Salmon in the Northeast Pacific Ocean
- El Niño forecasts and salmon management from EconBiz literature
- El Niño Induced Ocean Eddies in the Gulf of Alaska from COAPS at the Florida State University
- ENSO resources for U.S. Affiliated Pacific Islands from the Pacific ENSO Applications Climate Center, University of Hawaii, NOAA and UOG/WERI
- Impacts on the Pacific Northwest of climate variability and ENSO from Climate Impact Group at the University of Washington
California
- Latest El Nino impacts from USGS
- Impacts of the 1926 and 1983 El Niño with photos from USGS
- 1997-1998 El Niño: San Francisco area landslides from USGS
- 1997-1998 El Niño: impact photos from the USGS California coastal monitoring program
- Effects on California sea life and birds and ocean fishing fom the California Dept of Fish and Wildlife
- El Niño and California rainfall from ggweather.com
Non-coastal Areas in the U.S., Canada
- Influence of El Niño on Mauna Loa carbon dioxide from Florida State University
- Effects of El Niño on Streamflow, Lake Level, and Landslide Potential (Southwestern US) from the USGS
- El Niño and La Niña impacts in Illinois from the Illinois State Climatologist
- El Niño impact on Lower Mississippi River flooding from NWS River Forecast Center
- Effects of El Niño on the Climate, Water Balance, and Streamflow of the Mississippi River Basin from American Meteorological Society Journals on-line
- Impact of El Niño on Central Canadian floods and droughts from NRC Research Press