Modernization in Parts (Basic Needs)
Aside from the unique needs of each specific country to cope with its hydro-meteorological hazards, their National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs), generally speaking, are likely to have common (similar) basic needs to fulfill their core operational responsibilities to their societies.
El Niño Readiness
A key actor in an “El Niño Ready Nation” is a country’s National Meteorological and Hydrological Service (NMHS). In countries affected by El Niño, the role of the NMHSs is very important as they are expected to provide a reliable and credible forecast for, and early warnings to, impacted areas when the onset of an El Nino has been confirmed to enable localities to be “El Niño Ready.”